•  
  •  
 

Abstract

The lack of education and training resulting from leaving education early might contribute significantly to high rates of unemployment and inactivity among young people. Education is also seen as a decisive means of tackling these problems. Therefore, acquiring knowledge about the conditions in which re-engagement with education occurs after it is prematurely interrupted deserves special attention. The study presented here explores the opinions of students attending a second-chance educational centre in Ceuta (where the aforementioned benchmarks have quite high levels) concerning their life courses prior to returning to education there and the impact they attribute to the centre. Data from in-depth, individual interviews were used to do this.

These were performed with 39 unemployed young people at risk of social exclusion aged between 18 and 24 (29 had left school early and 10 had not), as part of a broader case study relating to a centre selected for its relative success and its reputation in Ceuta. The information provided by the participants in the form of stories was subjected to narrative analysis, using two processes: summary biographical tables, which represent relevant events from their lives longside their views of them, and thematic analysis of the information contained in them. In broad terms, results indicate that the life courses the participants follow are shaped by decisions they take from options shaped by personal, institutional, and social circumstances. They are, therefore, something like choice biographies.

In this context, early school leaving and re-engagement in training are recurrent, transitory, and reversible, precisely because of the important role played by the people who experience these situations, even if they do so constrained by their institutional and social setting.

This is the English version of an article originally printed in Spanish in issue 272 of the revista española de pedagogía. For this reason, the abbreviation EV has been added to the page umbers. Please, cite this article as follows: Portela Pruaño, A., Nieto Cano, J. M. y Torres Soto, A. (2019). La reincorporación formativa de jóvenes que abandonan tempranamente la educación: relevancia de su trayectoria previa | Re-engagement in education and training of young people who leave education early: the importance of earlier prior trajectories. Revista Española de Pedagogía, 77 (272), 103-121. doi: 10.22550/REP77-1-2019-07

Referencias | References

Bele, I. V., & Kvalsund, R. (2015). On your own within a network? Vulnerable youths’ social networks in transition from school to adult life. Scandinavian Journal of Disability, 17 (3), 195-220. doi: 10.1080/15017419.2013.847860

Cardozo, S. (2012). Trayectorias alternativas en la transición educación-trabajo. REICE. Revista Iberoamericana sobre Calidad, Eficacia y Cambio en Educación, 10 (1), 108-127.

Consejo de la Unión Europea (2011). Recomendación del Consejo de 28 de junio de 2011 relativa a las políticas para reducir el abandono escolar prematuro. Diario Oficial de la Unión Europea. C191, 1-6.

Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2017). Qualitative inquiry and research design: choosing among five approaches, 4rd edition. Thousand Oaks: Sage.

Du Bois-Reymond, M. (1998). ‘I don't want to commit myself yet’: young people's life concepts. Journal of Youth Studies, 1 (1), 63-79. doi: 10.1080/13676261.1998.10592995

Dupéré, V., Leventhal, T., Dion, E., Crosnoe, R., Archambault, I., & Janosz, M. (2015). Stressors and turning points in high school and dropout: a stress process, life course framework. Review of Educational Research, 85 (4), 591-629. doi: 10.3102/0034654314559845

Ecclestone, K., Biesta, G., & Hughes, M. (2010). Transitions in the lifecourse: the role of identity, agency and structure. In K. Ecclestone, G. Biesta, & M. Hughes (Eds.), Transitions and learning through the lifecourse (pp. 1-15). London: Routledge.

Eurostat (2016). Eurostat regional yearbook, 2016 edition. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.

Eurostat (2017). Eurostat regional yearbook, 2017 edition. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.

Flisi, S., Goglio, V., Meroni E. C., & Vera-Toscano, E. (2015). School-to-work transition of young individuals: what can the ELET and NEET indicators tell us? Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.

Furlong, A. (2013). Youth studies: an introduction. London: Routledge.

Furlong, A., Cartmel, F., Biggart, A., Sweeting, H., & West, P. (2003). Youth transitions: patterns of vulnerability and processes of social inclusion. Edinburgh: Scottish Executive Social Research. Gerring, J. (2017). Case study research: principles and practices. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

García, M., Casal, J., Merino, R., & Sánchez, A. (2013). Itinerarios de abandono escolar y transiciones tras la Educación Secundaria Obligatoria. Revista de Educación, 361, 65-94. doi: 10.4438/1988-592XRE-2011-361-135

Gorard, S. (2013). Research design: creating robust approaches for the social sciences. London: Sage.

Heinz, W. R. (2009). Youth transitions in an age of uncertainty. In A. Furlong (Ed.), Handbook of youth and young adulthood: new perspectives and agendas (pp. 3-13). London: Routledge.

Hutchison, E. D. (2018). Life course theory. En R. J. R. Levesque (Ed.), Encyclopedia of adolescence (pp. 2141-2150). New York: Springer.

International Labour Organization (2017). Global employment trends for youth 2017: paths to a better working future. Geneva: ILO. Jin, Y., Caldera, A., & Garcia Perea, P. A. (2017).

Reforms for more and better quality jobs in Spain. OECD Economics Department Working Papers, 1386. Paris: OECD Publishing. Recuperado de http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/economics/reforms-for-more-and-better-quality-jobs-inspain_72275f0b-en

Mills, M., McGregor, G., & te Riele, K. (2015). ‘Schools are for us’: the importance of distribution, recognition and representation to creating socially just schools. En K. Trimmer, A. L. Black, & S. Riddle (Eds.), Mainstreams, margins and the spaces in-between: new possibilities for education research (pp. 150-167). London: Routledge.

Montes, A. (2016). En la encrucijada. Factores de desenganche y reenganche educativo en la trayectoria de seis jóvenes en Cataluña (España). Inguruak, 61, 1-22.

National Research Council & National Academy of Education (2011). High school dropout, graduation, and completion rates: better data, better measures, better decisions. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.

Patton, M. Q. (2015). Qualitative research & evaluation methods: integrating theory and practice. Thousand Oaks: Sage.

Pérez, M. J. (2016). De liarla a rayarse: metáfora y coherencia en los relatos de cinco jóvenes que retornan a un CFGM. Revista de Educación, 373, 35-56.

Pérez, G., & Melendro, M. (2016). Presentación: ocio, formación y empleo de los jóvenes en dificultad social. revista española de pedagogía, 74 (263), 5-11.

Polidano, C., Tabasso, D., & Tseng, Y.-P. (2015). A second chance at education for early school leavers. Education Economics, 23 (3), 358-375. doi: 10.1080/09645292.2013.834294

Raffe, D. (2011). Cross-national differences in education- work transitions. En M. London (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of lifelong learning (pp. 312-328). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Riessman, C. K. (2008). Narrative methods for the human sciences. Thousand Oaks: Sage.

Ripamonti, E. (2018). Risk factors for dropping out of high school: a review of contemporary, international empirical research. Adolescent Research Review, 3 (3), 321-338. doi: 10.1007/s40894-017-0075-y

Rojas, S., Susinos, T., & Calvo, A. (2013). ‘Giving voice’ in research processes: an inclusive methodology for researching into social exclusion in Spain. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 17 (2), 156-173. doi: 10.1080/13603116.2011.629687

Ross, S., & Gray, J. (2005). Transitions and re-engagement through second chance education. Australian Educational Researcher, 32 (3), 103-140. doi: 10.1007/BF03216829

Schoon, I. (2015). Diverse pathways: rethinking the transition to adulthood. In P. R. Amato, A. Booth, S. M. McHale, & J. Van Hook (Eds.), Families in an era of increasing inequality: diverging destinies (pp. 115-136). Cham: Springer.

Rumberger, R. W. (2011). Dropping out: why students drop out of high school and what can be done about it. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Smyth, J., & Robinson, J. (2015). ‘Give me air not shelter’: critical tales of a policy case of student re-engagement from beyond school. Journal of Education Policy, 30 (2), 220-236. doi: 10.1080/02680939.2014.945965

Snee, H., & Devine, F. (2015). Young people’s transitions to employment: making choices, negotiating constraints. In J. Wyn & H. Cahill (Eds.), Handbook of children and youth studies (pp. 543-555). Singapore: Springer.

Suárez-Ortega, M. (2012). Performance, reflexivity, and learning through biographical-narrative research. Qualitative Inquiry, 19 (3), 189-200.

Te Riele, K. (2004). Youth transition in Australia: challenging assumptions of linearity and choice. Journal of Youth Studies, 7 (3), 243-257. doi: 10.1080/1367626042000268908

Thomas, G., & Myers, K. (2015). The anatomy of the case study. London: Sage.

Woessman, L. (2015). The economic case for education. Education Economics, 24 (1), 3-32. doi: 10.1080/09645292.2015.1059801

Yin, R. K. (2018). Case Study research and applications: design and methods. Thousand Oaks: Sage.

Author Biography

Antonio Portela Pruaño holds a doctorate in Philosophy and Educational Sciences (Pedagogy) from the University of Murcia. He is a Lecturer in the Department of Didactics and School Organisation in this university’s Faculty of Education.

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3264-8971.

José Miguel Nieto Cano holds a doctorate in Philosophy and Educational Sciences (Pedagogy) from the University of Murcia. He is a Lecturer in the Department of Didactics and School Organisation in this university’s Faculty of Education.

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8156-1632

Ana Torres Soto holds a doctorate from the University of Murcia. She is an Associate Professor in the Department of Didactics and School Organisation in this university’s Faculty of Education, and Ad junct Professor at the ISEN-Centro Universitario (Cartagena), affiliated to the University of Murcia.

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0832-8580

All of them belong to the Equidad e Inclusión Educativa (Equity and educational inclusion – EIE) research group. Their main lines of research include educational re-engagement of vulnerable students.

Licencia Creative Commons | Creative Commons License

Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License

Share

COinS

Palabras clave | Keywords

disadvantagedyouth, educationalre-engagement, schooldropout, second-chanceeducationcentres, transitiontoworkinglife, youthunemployment